What’s on the SAT Test? Your Ultimate Guide to the SAT Format and Content
If you’re preparing for college admissions, the SAT is one of the most important tests you’ll face. But what exactly is on the SAT?
Understanding the test’s format and content is the first step to effective preparation and scoring your best.
This guide will walk you through every section of the SAT test, explain the types of questions you’ll encounter, and give you tips on how to approach each part. Whether you’re taking the SAT for the first time or retaking it to improve your score, this post is your go-to resource for what’s on the SAT test.
Overview of the SAT Test
The SAT is a standardized test created by the College Board to assess your readiness for college. It’s divided into three main sections:
- Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW)
- Math
- Essay (optional)
The total SAT score ranges from 400 to 1600, combining your scores from EBRW and Math. Each section is scored between 200 and 800 points. The essay, if taken, is scored separately.
Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW)
The EBRW section is split into two parts:
- Reading Test
- Writing and Language Test
Reading Test
The Reading Test consists of multiple-choice questions based on passages from a variety of topics, including literature, history, social studies, and science. You will need to:
- Read and interpret passages
- Identify main ideas, themes, and details
- Analyze vocabulary in context
- Understand authors’ arguments and rhetorical techniques
- Interpret data and graphics within passages
The Reading Test typically includes 52 questions, with 65 minutes to complete.
Writing and Language Test
This section tests your grammar, punctuation, and editing skills. You’ll see passages with underlined parts or sentences that may contain errors or weaknesses. You need to:
- Identify grammatical mistakes
- Improve sentence structure and word choice
- Fix punctuation errors
- Enhance clarity and coherence of passages
There are usually 44 questions with 35 minutes allotted.
Math Section
The SAT Math section covers a range of math skills divided into two parts:
- No Calculator Section
- Calculator Section
The entire Math section has 58 questions, with 80 minutes total.
Math Topics Covered
- Heart of Algebra: Linear equations, inequalities, and systems of equations
- Problem Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, percentages, interpreting graphs and tables
- Passport to Advanced Math: Quadratic and higher-order equations, functions
- Additional Topics: Geometry, trigonometry, complex numbers (limited)
No Calculator Section
This section has 15 multiple-choice and 5 grid-in questions (student-produced responses) and lasts 25 minutes. It tests your ability to solve problems without using a calculator.
Calculator Section
This section has 30 multiple-choice and 8 grid-in questions, lasting 55 minutes. You can use a calculator here to solve more complex problems.
Optional Essay Section
The SAT Essay is optional but sometimes required by specific colleges. It gives you 50 minutes to read a passage and write an analytical essay on how the author builds an argument.
You won’t be asked for your opinion; instead, you analyze the author’s use of evidence, reasoning, and persuasive techniques.
How the SAT is Structured: Timing and Format
- Reading: 65 minutes, 52 questions
- Writing and Language: 35 minutes, 44 questions
- Math (No Calculator): 25 minutes, 20 questions
- Math (Calculator): 55 minutes, 38 questions
- Optional Essay: 50 minutes, 1 essay prompt
The entire test without the essay takes 3 hours; with the essay, it takes 3 hours and 50 minutes.
Tips for Each SAT Section
Reading
- Read actively and underline key points.
- Pay attention to the main idea and author’s tone.
- Eliminate clearly wrong answer choices to improve your odds.
Writing and Language
- Memorize common grammar rules.
- Practice spotting errors in sentence structure.
- Focus on clarity and conciseness.
Math
- Master algebra fundamentals first.
- Practice mental math for the no calculator section.
- Learn to identify question types to apply strategies efficiently.
Essay
- Practice writing essays analyzing arguments.
- Plan your essay with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.
- Use evidence from the passage to support your points.
Why Understanding What’s on the SAT Matters
Knowing the structure and content of the SAT helps reduce test anxiety and builds confidence. When you understand what to expect, you can tailor your study plan effectively.
Moreover, practice tests that simulate real SAT questions become far more valuable when you know the test’s format and question types.
Resources to Prepare for the SAT
- Official SAT Practice on Khan Academy: Free, personalized study plans and practice questions.
- College Board’s Official SAT Study Guide: Includes practice tests and detailed answer explanations.
- Online SAT Prep Courses: Interactive lessons and expert coaching.
- Practice Tests: Take timed, full-length practice tests regularly.
Final Thoughts: Be Prepared, Be Confident
The SAT tests critical reading, writing, and math skills that are essential for college success. By understanding what’s on the SAT test and preparing accordingly, you can improve your score and boost your college application.
Remember to practice consistently, analyze your mistakes, and focus on your weak areas. With the right approach, you can walk into test day confident and ready to succeed.
If you want more tips, practice materials, and updates about the SAT, bookmark our site and check back regularly. Good luck on your SAT journey!